The Death Of Peter And Paul
Eusebius, Hist. Ec., II, 25. (MSG, 20:207.) Cf. Mirbt, n. 33.
For an examination of the merits of Eusebius as a historian, see
McGiffert's edition, PNF, ser. II, vol. I, pp. 45-52; also J. B.
Lightfoot, art. "Eusebius (23) of Caesarea," in DCB.
The works of Caius have been preserved only in fragments; see
Krueger, § 90. If he was a contemporary of Zephyrin
s, he probably
lived during the pontificate of that bishop of Rome, 199-217 A. D.
The Phrygian heresy which Caius combated was Montanism; see below,
§ 25.
Dionysius, Bishop of Corinth, was a contemporary of Soter, Bishop
of Rome, 166-174 A. D., whom he mentions in an epistle to the
Roman Church. Of his epistles only fragments have been preserved;
see Krueger, § 55. The following extract from his epistle to the
Roman Church is the earliest explicit statement that Peter and
Paul suffered martyrdom at the same time or that Peter was ever in
Italy. In connection with this extract, that from Clement of Rome
(see § 1, a) should be consulted; also Lactantius, De Mortibus
Persecutorum, ch. 2 (ANF).
It is therefore recorded that Paul was beheaded at Rome itself, and that
Peter was crucified likewise at the same time. This account of Peter and
Paul is confirmed by the fact that their names are preserved in the
cemeteries of that place even to the present time. It is confirmed no less
by a member of the Church, Caius by name, a contemporary of Zephyrinus,
Bishop of Rome. In carrying on a discussion in writing with Proclus, the
leader of the Phrygian heresy, he says as follows concerning the places
where the sacred corpses of the aforesaid Apostles are laid: "But I am
able to show the trophies of the Apostles. For if you will go to the
Vatican or to the Ostian Way, you will find the trophies of those who laid
the foundations of this church." And that they two suffered martyrdom at
the same time is stated by Dionysius, Bishop of Corinth, corresponding
with the Romans in writing, in the following words: "You have thus by such
admonition bound together the planting of Peter and Paul at Rome and at
Corinth. For both planted in our Corinth and likewise taught us, and in
like manner in Italy they both taught and suffered martyrdom at the same
time."